Publications

Norton White Norton White

Small Business Employers and the Right to Disconnect

The right to disconnect came into force for employees of small businesses with under 15 employees on 26 August 2025. The new workplace right will place a burden on small business employers, many of whom have a very small number of employees that they rely on to manage their operations. We outline the key changes and steps small business employers should take to adapt to these new requirements.

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Norton White Norton White

LIABILITY LIMITS UNDER THE MONTREAL CONVENTION 1999 SET TO INCREASE BY 18%

On 18 October 2024, the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) announced that the limits of liability under the Montreal Convention 1999 (the Convention) will be increasing. The announcement comes as part of the Convention’s five-year review mechanism under Article 24, which was designed to ensure that passenger compensation remains relevant over time.  

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Norton White Norton White

Unfair Contract Terms and the Risk for Carriers

The Federal Court has ruled that a Fee Error Term in standard form contracts will be considered an unfair contract term if it allows companies to retain fees wrongly charged to a customer without the customer’s knowledge and limits the time within which the customer can dispute the fee.

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Norton White Norton White

“Unprecedented in a century of international commercial aviation” - NSW Court of Appeal holds Air Canada’s Tariff Does Not Waive Right to Liability Limit under the Montreal Convention

On 21 June 2024, the New South Wales Court of Appeal delivered a judgment in which it held that rule 105C(1)(a) of Air Canada’s International Tariff General Rules (Tariff) did not have the effect of waiving Air Canada’s right to invoke a defence under Article 21(1) of the Montreal Convention in order to limit its liability by proving that the damage is not due to negligence or other wrongful act or omission of Air Canda or its servants or agents.

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Norton White Norton White

Salvaging a Contract – the Ever Given

The United Kingdom Court of Appeal has upheld a finding that no binding salvage contract was concluded for refloating surfaces after the Ever Given was salvaged in the Suez Canal, meaning the entity which performed the salvage was entitled to salvage under the International Convention on Salvage 1989 or the common law.

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